谈及雅思英语学习，大家的第一反应就是背单词;同学们往往首先会纳闷到底需要多少词汇量。今天就单词的问题来帮大家捋顺备考思路。
写出7分或以上的文章，至少需要掌握4500-5000个英语单词的用法;写出6分左右的文章，则需要至少掌握3500-4000个英语单词的常见搭配。
目标分数是6的同学可能会说老师我的高中英语早已还给了老师，难不成要重新学起?目标分数是7或以上的同学可能也在感叹拿到四六级分数已经是多年前的事情。其实不用怕!不要愁!结合预测我们可以重点学习核心题型(写作任务)和话题的相关词汇表达，结合写作精批、纠错，是可以短期突破词汇应用的瓶颈。
为了有力的说明雅思写作需要的词汇量，我特意选择了剑8上的这篇标准满分范文。
Increasing the price of petrol is the best way to solve growing traffic and pollution problems. To what extent do you agree or disagree? What other measures do you think might be effective?
The increasing traffic and pollution from vehicles have become severe problems, both in cities and on motorways everywhere. Generally, I believe that solving these problems is likely to need more than a simple rise in the price of petrol.
While it is undeniable that private car use is one of the main causes for the increase in traffic and pollution, higher fuel costs are unlikely to limit the number of drivers for long. As this policy would also affect the cost of public transport, it would be very unpopular with everyone who needs to travel on the roads. However, there are various other measures that could be implemented and that would have a huge effect on these problems.
I think that to tackle the problem of pollution, cleaner fuels need to be developed. The technology is already available to produce electric cars that would be both quieter and cleaner to use. Persuading manufacturers and travelers to adopt this new technology would be a more effective strategy for improving air quality, especially in cities.
However, traffic congestion will not be solved by changing the type of private vehicle people can use. To do this, we need toimprove the choice of public transport services available to travelers. For example, if sufficient sky trains and underground train systems were built and effectively maintainedin our major cities, then traffic on the roads would be dramatically reduced. Long-distance train and coach services should be made attractive and affordable alternatives to driving cars for long journeys.
In conclusion, I think that long-term traffic and pollution reductions would depend on educating the public to use public transport more and on governments using public money to construct and run efficient systems.
有大学英语四级成绩的同学在阅读上面的文章时理解应该不成问题，文章9成以上的单词和表达都是高中范围的知识点;但认识并不代表能够准确、快速的应用，所以写作词汇量的准备不是通过“背诵”单词表来实现的，而是要从应用层面来衡量的。
其中核心写作词汇主要分为：
一、谓语动词，比如解决问题 “solve/tackle the problem”，更多的同义替换有 “address the problem”, 分词形式可以写成 “the problem needs to be addressed” 。如果议论文是讨论问题的解决，针对这种题型，我们需要准备大量相关的谓语，再比如 “measures could be implemented” 中的 “be implemented”。因此，应对不同的题型/写作任务，词汇方面，谓语动词和谓语结构的学习和练习是重要的第一步。本题属于议论文Solution题型，议论文还包括Influence题型和Prediction题型，再加上说明文和开放式提问，针对这些题型/写作任务准备的谓语动词和常见谓语结构是写作词汇得分的关键之一。
此外如之前例子所示，谓语的准备一定要结合重要的语法考点，比如分词结构 “be dramatically reduced” 是动词 “reduce” 的常见用法;再比如，“... were built and effectively maintained” 是并列被动语态+虚拟语气的使用。一定要记住谓语相关的语法知识点是语法得分的主力军，那么大家知道有哪些语法呢?
二、话题语料。话题语料是直接体现话题属性的表达，比如有关道路交通的单词和短语 “private vehicle, public transport services, travel on the roads, sky trains and underground train systems, attractive and affordable alternatives to driving cars for long journeys, using public money to construct and run efficient systems” 等。语料的充分使用取决于对话题出题角度的把握，是词汇得分的另一关键。这里需要特别提醒大家的是学习语料绝非记忆单词拼写，而是认识、模仿使用常见的搭配。 |
